1. Open Access Policy

Economics Journal is an open-access scientific journal committed to providing immediate, free, and unrestricted access to its published scholarly content.

All articles are available online without subscription fees, registration requirements, or embargo periods.

The journal supports the principle that publicly accessible scientific knowledge contributes to academic collaboration, research visibility, and the advancement of society.

Articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.

This license permits users to read, download, copy, distribute, reproduce, adapt, translate, and reuse published articles, including for commercial purposes, provided that appropriate credit is given to the original authors, the source is acknowledged, and any modifications are indicated.

The journal encourages responsible dissemination and reuse of research findings.

2. Copyright and Licensing Policy

Authors retain the copyright to their original scholarly works and grant Economics Journal the right of first publication.

Articles accepted under this policy are published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.

Under this license, readers may share and adapt published materials for any purpose, including commercial use, provided that they acknowledge the original authors, identify the publication source, provide a link to the license, and indicate whether changes have been made.

Authors may distribute the published version through personal websites, institutional repositories, academic networks, or other scholarly communication channels, provided that the original publication is properly cited.

The copyright status and licensing conditions of third-party materials included in an article must be clearly identified.

Authors are responsible for obtaining the necessary permissions to reproduce content that is not covered by the applicable license.

License information: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

3. Peer Review Policy

Economics Journal applies a double-blind peer-review process to research articles, review articles, and theoretical articles submitted for publication.

Under this model, the identities of authors and reviewers are concealed from one another throughout the evaluation process.

Initial Editorial Screening

Each submission undergoes a preliminary assessment to verify its relevance to the journal's scope, originality, scientific quality, compliance with formatting requirements, and adherence to ethical standards.

Manuscripts that fail to meet the journal's requirements may be rejected without external peer review.

Selection of Reviewers

Manuscripts that pass the initial screening are assigned to at least two independent reviewers with demonstrated expertise in the relevant research area.

Reviewer selection considers academic qualifications, disciplinary expertise, independence, and the absence of conflicts of interest.

Evaluation Criteria

Reviewers assess manuscripts based on:

• Originality and contribution to economic knowledge.

• Relevance and clarity of the research problem.

• Adequacy of the theoretical framework.

• Methodological rigor.

• Reliability and consistency of the results.

• Quality of data analysis and interpretation.

• Relevance of the discussion and conclusions.

• Quality of academic writing and bibliographic documentation.

• Compliance with ethical requirements.

Editorial Decisions

After considering the reviewers' reports, the responsible editor may decide to accept the manuscript, request minor or major revisions, or reject the submission.

When substantial disagreement exists between reviewers, the editor may request an additional independent evaluation.

Authors must respond to the reviewers' observations and submit a revised manuscript when requested.

Final Decision

The final publication decision is made by the responsible editor, based on the reviewers' recommendations, the quality of the revised manuscript, and compliance with the journal's editorial standards.

Manuscripts submitted by editors or Editorial Board members must be handled by an independent editor who has no conflict of interest.

Editorials and other non-research contributions may follow an editorial assessment rather than external peer review, provided that the evaluation procedure is clearly disclosed.

4. Publication Ethics and Research Integrity Policy

Economics Journal is committed to maintaining high standards of research integrity and ethical conduct in scholarly publishing.

The journal draws on the principles and recommendations of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and internationally recognized standards of editorial transparency.

Authors, reviewers, and editors are expected to act honestly, responsibly, independently, and transparently throughout the publication process.

The following practices are considered unacceptable:

• Plagiarism and misappropriation of intellectual work.

• Fabrication or falsification of research data.

• Deliberate manipulation of results.

• Duplicate or redundant publication.

• Undisclosed conflicts of interest.

• Guest, gift, ghost, or fraudulent authorship.

• Manipulation of peer review.

• Deliberate citation manipulation.

• Misrepresentation of ethical approval or informed consent.

• Submission of fabricated or misleading research materials.

Suspected violations will be investigated through a confidential, evidence-based procedure.

Individuals involved will be given an opportunity to provide explanations and supporting documentation before a final decision is made, whenever appropriate.

Depending on the nature and severity of the case, editorial measures may include manuscript rejection, suspension of evaluation, publication of a correction, expression of concern, retraction, or communication with the relevant institution.

The journal is committed to protecting the integrity and reliability of the scholarly record.

5. Plagiarism Prevention Policy

Economics Journal requires all submissions to be original and appropriately documented.

The journal may use similarity-detection software and editorial verification procedures to identify potential plagiarism, unattributed text reuse, redundant publication, or other irregularities.

Similarity reports will be interpreted through academic judgment rather than through a fixed percentage alone.

Editors will consider the nature, extent, context, and attribution of textual similarities.

The following practices are prohibited:

• Presenting another person's work as one's own.

• Reproducing substantial portions of previously published content without proper attribution.

• Reusing one's previously published material in a misleading or unjustified manner.

• Manipulating citations or references to conceal copied material.

• Submitting manuscripts containing fabricated or nonexistent references.

When potential plagiarism is identified, authors may be asked to provide explanations or supporting evidence.

Serious or unresolved cases may result in rejection or appropriate post-publication action, following the journal's research integrity and retraction procedures.

6. Authorship and Contributorship Policy

Authorship must accurately reflect the intellectual contributions made to a scholarly work.

To qualify as an author, an individual must have made a substantial contribution to the research, participated in drafting or critically revising the manuscript, approved the final version, and accepted appropriate responsibility for the work.

Individuals whose participation is limited to administrative support, routine technical assistance, funding acquisition, or language editing should be acknowledged rather than included as authors, unless they meet the authorship criteria.

The journal encourages the use of the CRediT contributor-role taxonomy to describe individual contributions.

The following practices are prohibited:

• Gift or honorary authorship.

• Ghost authorship.

• Deliberate exclusion of legitimate authors.

• Addition of authors without their consent.

• Misrepresentation of individual contributions.

Any request to add, remove, or reorder authors after submission must be justified and approved by all authors concerned.

Authorship disputes that cannot be resolved through editorial documentation may be referred to the authors' institutions.

Artificial intelligence systems cannot be recognized as authors because they cannot assume responsibility for the integrity of scholarly work.

7.  Conflict of Interest Policy

All individuals involved in the publication process must disclose relationships or circumstances that could compromise, or appear to compromise, their impartiality.

Conflicts of interest may be financial, professional, institutional, academic, or personal.

Authors

Authors must disclose relevant relationships with organizations, funding agencies, employers, or individuals that could influence the research or its interpretation.

A conflict of interest declaration must be included in each manuscript.

Reviewers

Reviewers must disclose potential conflicts before accepting an evaluation assignment.

They must decline or withdraw from reviews when their independence cannot be reasonably ensured.

Editors

Editors and Editorial Board members must not participate in decisions concerning manuscripts in which they have personal or professional interests that compromise impartiality.

Such submissions must be assigned to an independent editor.

Disclosure of a conflict of interest does not automatically imply that the manuscript will be rejected. However, identified conflicts must be appropriately managed.

8. Funding Disclosure Policy

Authors must provide transparent information about all financial support associated with their research.

Funding declarations must identify the supporting organizations and grant or project numbers where applicable.

Authors must also disclose whether funding organizations participated in study design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation, manuscript preparation, or publication decisions.

When no external funding was received, this must be stated explicitly.

Editorial decisions must not be influenced by funding sources or financial arrangements associated with the research.

9. Research Ethics and Informed Consent Policy

Research involving human participants, personal information, interviews, surveys, economic experiments, or confidential institutional data must comply with applicable legal and ethical requirements.

Where required, authors must obtain approval from a competent ethics committee or institutional review body before conducting the study.

Authors must also explain the procedures used to obtain informed consent, protect participant privacy, and safeguard confidential information.

Ethics approval or informed consent may not be required for every economic research design. When an exemption applies, authors should provide an appropriate explanation.

Sensitive or identifiable information must not be disclosed without a legitimate legal and ethical basis.

The journal may request supporting documentation to assess compliance with these requirements.

10. Data Availability and Reproducibility Policy

Economics Journal encourages transparency and reproducibility in economic research.

Authors should make available the datasets, analytical codes, instruments, models, and relevant supporting materials necessary to understand or reproduce their findings, whenever legally and ethically permissible.

Publicly accessible research materials should preferably be deposited in trusted repositories with persistent identifiers.

Each article must include a Data Availability Statement indicating where the supporting materials can be accessed or explaining why access is restricted.

The journal recognizes that certain datasets may be subject to confidentiality, privacy, licensing, commercial, or legal limitations.

When public sharing is not possible, authors must explain the restrictions and, where feasible, indicate how qualified researchers may request appropriate access.

The journal may request supporting materials during evaluation to verify the reliability of the reported findings.

11. Preprint and Prior Dissemination Policy

Economics Journal permits the submission of manuscripts previously made available as preprints, institutional working papers, dissertations, theses, or preliminary academic communications, provided that the work has not been formally published as a duplicate journal article.

Authors must disclose previous versions and provide relevant links or identifiers at the time of submission.

The submitted manuscript must meet the journal's standards of originality and scientific contribution.

Previous public availability does not exempt a manuscript from editorial assessment or double-blind peer review.

Authors should update the preprint or repository record after publication by adding the bibliographic reference and DOI of the final published article.

Simultaneous submission to more than one scientific journal is not permitted.